Project Apollo

Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Apollo was dedicated to President John F. Kennedy's national goal of "landing a man on the Moon by the end of this decade and returning him safely to Earth" as stated in a speech at Rice University in Houston, TX on September 12, 1962. It was the third US human spaceflight program to fly, preceded by the one person Project Mercury which put the first Americans in space and the two-person Project Gemini conceived in 1961 to extend spaceflight capability in support of Apollo.

Apollo Program Logo

Apollo 11

Kennedy's goal was accomplished on the Apollo 11 mission when astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed their Apollo Lunar Module (LM) on July 20, 1969 and walked on the lunar surface, while Michael Collins remained in lunar orbit in the command and service module (CSM), and all three landed safely on Earth on July 24, 1969. During the moon landing, several Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC) alarms were generated which put the moon landing in jeopardy.


Ed Grace worked on the Apollo Program from 1963 to 1972 while employed at the MIT Draper Laboratory in Cambridge, MA. MIT Draper Labs had a contract with NASA to design and develop the Primary Guidance & Navigation Control System (PGNCS) used to control both the Command and Lunar Modules during flight missions. MIT Draper Labs was also responsible for developing the AGC software used for each mission. Ed was involved in the design of the AGC while working at the MIT Draper Laboratory. In his lectures, Ed discusses the decision to continue the moon landing rather than abort when the alarms were generated.

Apollo 11 Gala

Apollo 13

Apollo 13 was the seventh manned mission in the American Apollo Space Program and the third designated to land on the Moon. The launch occurred on April 11, 1970 from Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The lunar landing was aborted after an oxygen tank exploded two days into the mission, crippling the Service Module (SM) upon which the Command Module (CM) and astronauts depended upon to make the round trip. Despite great hardship caused by limited power, loss of cabin heat, shortage of potable water, and the critical need to make makeshift repairs to the carbon dioxide removal system, the crew returned safely to Earth on April 17, 1970.


The story of the Apollo 13 mission has been dramatized multiple times, most notably in the 1995 film Apollo 13. Although the crew never made it to the moon surface, the mission captured the hearts of a worldwide audience as Mission Control Johnson Space Center personnel worked with the astronauts to develop a plan to safely return them to earth.


Ed was stationed at the Johnson Space Center Houston in support of NASA Mission Control Center (MCC) personnel for the duration of the Apollo 13 Mission. As a member of Apollo 13 Operations Team, he awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Richard Nixon on April 17, 1970. His talks present a view of the happenings of the Apollo 13 Mission from an insider's position at Mission Control Houston.


Four subsequent Apollo missions also landed astronauts on the Moon making a total of twelve astronauts that have walked on the moon. Apollo 17 was the last Apollo Mission in December 1972.

Buzz Aldrin on Moon

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